『克隆』 Clone 一詞由來久已︰

Clone (computing)

In computing, a clone is a hardware or software system that is designed to function in the same way as another system.^[1] A specific subset of clones are Remakes (or Remades), which are revivals of old, obsolete, or discontinued products.

 

或早成為 □○『相容性』之代表，所謂『白牌機』的世界。

Hardware clones

When IBM announced the IBM PC in 1981, other companies such as Compaq decided to offer clones of the PC as a legal reimplementation from the PC’s documentation or reverse engineering. Because most of the components, except the PC’s BIOS, were publicly available, all Compaq had to do was reverse-engineer the BIOS. The result was a machine with better value than the archetypes that the machines resembled. The use of the term “PC clone” to describe IBM PC compatible computers fell out of use in the 1990s; the class of machines it now describes are simply called PCs, but the early use of the term “clone” usually implied a higher level of compatibility with the original IBM PC than “PC-Compatible”, with (often Taiwanese) clones of the original circuit (and possibly ROMs) the most compatible (in terms of software they would run and hardware tests they would pass), while “legitimate” new designs such as the Sanyo MBC-550 and Data General One, while not infringing on copyrights and adding innovations, tended to fail some compatibility tests (such as its ability to run Microsoft Flight Simulator, or any software that bypassed the standard software interrupts and directly accessed hardware at the expected pre-defined locations, or – in the case of the MBC-550 for example, created diskettes which could not be directly interchanged with standard IBM PCs).

While the term has fallen mostly into commercial disuse, the term clone for PCs still applies to a PC made to entry-level or above standard (at the time it was made) which bears no commercial branding (e.g., Acer, IBM, HP, Dell). This includes, but is not limited to, PCs assembled by home users or Corporate IT Departments. (See also White box (computer hardware).)

There were many Nintendo Entertainment System hardware clones due to the popularity and longevity of the Nintendo Entertainment System.

 

開源之精神允許『複刻』︰

Fork (software development)

In software engineering, a project fork happens when developers take a copy of source code from one software package and start independent development on it, creating a distinct and separate piece of software. The term often implies not merely a development branch, but a split in the developer community, a form of schism.^[1]

Free and open-source software is that which, by definition, may be forked from the original development team without prior permission without violating copyright law. However, licensed forks of proprietary software (e.g. Unix) also happen.

 

相信也歡迎『復制』的吧︰

Cameras for RaspberryPi

In order to meet the increasing need of Raspberry Pi compatible camera modules. The ArduCAM team now released series of camera modules both 5MP and 8MP for Raspberry Pi which is fully compatible with official one. They are divided into standard version, optimized optical performance vision, miniature size spy camera vision, NoIR vision which give user a much clear and sharp image compared to the official Pi camera, even provides the FREX and STROBE signals which can be used for multi-camera synchronize capture with proper camera driver firmware.

Raspberry Pi is a trademark of the Raspberry Pi Foundation

CS mount zoom lens

 

如是使用者將有更多選擇的乎☆