─── 《桶中之腦？？》

 

莊子『化蝶』栩栩適志與？ □ □ 『變磚』 bricked 豈不黯然神傷矣！

Brick (electronics)

The word “brick“, when used in reference to consumer electronics, describes an electronic device such as a mobile device, game console, or router that, due to severe physical damage, a serious misconfiguration, corruptedfirmware, or a hardware problem, can no longer function, hence, is as technologically useful as a brick.^[1]

The term derives from the vaguely rectangular shape of many electronic devices (and their detachable power supplies) and the suggestion that the device can function only as a lifeless, square object, paperweight or doorstop.

This term is commonly used as a verb. For example, “I bricked my MP3 player when I tried to modify its firmware.” It can also be used as a noun, for example, “If it’s corrupted and you apply using fastboot, your device is a brick.”

In the common usage of the term, “bricking” suggests that the damage is so serious as to have rendered the device dead.^[2]

Cause and prevention

Bricking a device is usually a result of interrupting an attempt to update the device. Many devices have an update procedure which must not be interrupted before completion; if interrupted by a power failure, user intervention, or any other reason, the existing firmware may be partially overwritten and unusable. The risk of corruption can be minimized by taking all possible precautions against interruption.

Installing firmware with errors, or for a different revision of the hardware, or installing firmware incompetently patched such as DVD firmware which only plays DVDs sold in a particular region, can also cause bricking.

Devices can also be bricked by malware (malicious software)^[3] and sometimes by running software not intentionally harmful but with errors that cause damage.

Some devices include two copies of firmware, one active and the other stored in fixed ROM or writable non-volatile memory and not normally accessible to processes that could corrupt it, as well as a way to copy the stored firmware over the active version, even if corrupt, so that if the active firmware is damaged, it can be replaced by the copy and the device will not be bricked. Other devices have minimal “bootloader” firmware, enabled usually by operating a switch or jumper, which does not enable the device to work normally but can reload the main firmware.

A personal computer which uses Windows‘ operating system can be bricked by a loss of power during the update process, or by installing a faulty device driver.

Types

Bricking is classified into two types, namely hard and soft, depending on the device’s ability to function.^[1]

Hard brick

Hard bricked devices generally show little to no signs of life. A hard bricked device does not power on or show any vendor logo; in essence, the screen remains turned off. Some of the major reasons for hard bricking are installing firmware not made for the device, interrupted flashing procedure or following a flashing procedure incorrectly.

Some other reasons include flashing a root file for a different file or using wrong commands. Some kernel bugs^[4] have been known that affect the /data partition in the eMMC chip, which gets corrupted during certain operations such as wiping and flashing.

Recovering from a hard brick is generally considered difficult and requires the use of a more direct programming interface to the controller; such an interface exists as there must be a way to program the initial firmware on an unprogrammed device. However, additional tools or connections may be needed.

Apart from that, there are different stages of a bricked device. There are different steps to resolve this issue and this includes: Analyzing the problem, also needs some changes on the PC, analyzing the process, and at which stage the hard brick device is. ^[5]

Soft brick

A “soft bricked” device may show signs of life, but boots unsuccessfully or may display an error screen. Soft bricked devices can usually be fixed; for example, a soft bricked iOS device may display a screen instructing the user to plug it into a computer to perform an operating system recovery using iTunes software.^[6] In some cases, Soft bricked devices are unable to be repaired without physical repairs being carried out; an example of this would be an iOS device locked with iCloud Activation Lock, of which the only solution is to contact the owner of the iCloud account the device is locked to, or to replace the entire motherboard with a non-locked board.^{[citation needed]}

 

想當年玩 OpenWrt 路由器，每每『刷機』都戒慎恐懼呦☻

OpenWrt Debricking Guide

……

Raspberry Pi

………

 

現今藉樹莓派談 OpenWrt 點滴，果然輕鬆不少︰

大不了『重燒』 SD 卡嘛☺

就讓我們用

【系統】【備份/升級韌體】

朝向

Index of (root) / releases / 17.01.6 / targets / brcm2708 / bcm2710 /

---

Image Files

These are the image files for the brcm2708/bcm2710 target. Check that the sha256sum of the file you downloaded matches the sha256sum below.
Shortened image file names below have the same prefix: lede-17.01.6-brcm2708-bcm2710-...

Image for your Device	sha256sum	File Size	Date
rpi-3-ext4-sdcard.img.gz	4fd8438178e419d871e1c16328f7f49cc479bd6b033c7497db9ba8ccab11f800	8325.9 KB	Mon Sep 3 13:08:57 2018

 

版本前進吧☆

※ 參考︰

 

 

 

何妨同時也用 gparted

About

GParted is a free partition editor for graphically managing your disk partitions.

With GParted you can resize, copy, and move partitions without data loss, enabling you to:

• Grow or shrink your C: drive
• Create space for new operating systems
• Attempt data rescue from lost partitions

Discover More

• Learn why partition your disk device.
• Explore the documentation and FAQ.
• Get help with disk partitioning.
• View screenshots of GParted in action.

Features

• Perform actions with partitions such as:
  • create or delete
  • resize or move
  • check
  • label
  • set new UUID
  • copy and paste
• Manipulate file systems such as:
  • btrfs
  • ext2 / ext3 / ext4
  • fat16 / fat32
  • hfs / hfs+
  • linux-swap
  • lvm2 pv
  • nilfs2
  • ntfs
  • reiserfs / reiser4
  • udf
  • ufs
  • xfs

  For specific actions supported see detailed features.

 

擴大『檔案系統』呀˙！！

※ 註︰

‧ 樹莓派安裝

sudo apt-get install gparted

 

‧ OpenWrt 結果︰

root@LEDE:~# df -h
Filesystem                Size      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/root                14.2G     12.8M     14.2G   0% /
tmpfs                   465.1M    452.0K    464.7M   0% /tmp
/dev/mmcblk0p1           19.9M      8.8M     11.1M  44% /boot
tmpfs                   512.0K         0    512.0K   0% /dev