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Streaming media

A typical webcast, streaming in an embedded media player

Streaming media is multimedia that is constantly received by and presented to an end-user while being delivered by a provider. The verb “to stream” refers to the process of delivering or obtaining media in this manner;^{[clarification needed]} the term refers to the delivery method of the medium, rather than the medium itself, and is an alternative to file downloading, a process in which the end-user obtains the entire file for the content before watching or listening to it.

A client end-user can use their media player to start playing the digital video content or listens to digital audio content before the entire file has been transmitted. Distinguishing delivery method from the media distributed applies specifically to telecommunications networks, as most of the delivery systems are either inherently streaming (e.g. radio, television, streaming apps) or inherently non-streaming (e.g. books, video cassettes, audio CDs). For example, in the 1930s, elevator music was among the earliest popularly available streaming media; nowadays Internet television is a common form of streamed media. The term “streaming media” can apply to media other than video and audio such as live closed captioning, ticker tape, and real-time text, which are all considered “streaming text”.

Live streaming is the delivery of Internet content in real-time, as events happen, much as live television broadcasts its contents over the airwaves via a television signal. Live internet streaming requires a form of source media (e.g. a video camera, an audio interface, screen capture software), an encoder to digitize the content, a media publisher, and a content delivery network to distribute and deliver the content. Live streaming does not need to be recorded at the origination point, although it frequently is.

There are challenges with streaming content on the Internet. If the user does not have enough bandwidth in their Internet connection, they may experience stops, lags or slow buffering in the content and some users may not be able to stream certain content due to not having compatible computer or software systems.

Some popular streaming services include the video sharing website YouTube, Twitch and Mixer, which live stream the playing of video games; Netflix and Amazon Video, which stream movies and TV shows; and Spotify,Apple Music and TIDAL, which stream music.

由於想用幾個篇章說點簡易便宜『直播器』，先請讀者務須注意『直播』 Live broadcast 在地之 □ ○ 『合宜』、『合法』性呦。

就讓我們以 RTSP 協定為範︰

即時串流協定

實時串流協定（Real Time Streaming Protocol，RTSP）是一種網路應用協定，專為娛樂和通訊系統的使用，以控制串流媒體伺服器。該協定用於建立和控制終端之間的媒體對談。媒體伺服器的用戶端發布VCR命令，例如播放，錄製和暫停，以便於實時控制從伺服器到用戶端（影片點播）或從用戶端到伺服器（語音錄音）的媒體流。

流資料本身的傳輸不是RTSP的任務。大多數RTSP伺服器使用實時傳輸協定（RTP）和實時控制協定（RTCP）結合媒體流傳輸。然而，一些供應商實現專有傳輸協定。例如，RealNetworks公司的RTSP伺服器軟體也使用RealNetworks的專有實時資料傳輸（RDT）。

RTSP由RealNetworks公司，Netscape公司 ^[1] 和哥倫比亞大學開發，第一稿於1996年提交給IETF^[2]。由網際網路工程任務組（IETF）的多方多媒體對談控制工作群組（MMUSIC WG）進行了標準化），並於1998年發布為RFC 2326。^[3] RTSP 2.0 於2016年發布為RFC 7826，作為RTSP 1.0的替代品。RTSP 2.0基於RTSP 1.0，但不是在基本版本協商機制之外的向下相容。

始於『公共授權』之

Big Buck Bunny

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The results of the Peach open movie project has been licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. This includes all the data we’ve published online and on the DVDs, and all of the contents on this website. If any content on this site is not licensed as such, it will be clearly indicated.

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